International relations, as perceived at multilateral and bilateral levels, take place within an amplitude the poles of blondor pale quartz which are cooperation and conflict.For various reasons, restrictive measures may be, and have been, imposed by some countries to other countries, as well as by official bodies of the international community to
When planning a series of actions, it is usually infeasible to consider all potential future sequences; instead, one must prune the decision tree.Provably optimal pruning is, however, still computationally ruinous and the specific approximations humans employ remain unknown.We designed a new sequential reinforcement-based task and showed that human
HIV infection is controlled but not eradicated by combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), and persistence during therapy represents a substantial barrier to strategies to eradicate infection.The nature of persistence is uncertain, and a number of mechanisms have been proposed to explain HIV persistence in vivo, including low-level HIV replicatio